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In Part One of this series we learned how to optimize your physical setup to get solid wireless performance. Now let's learn how to get your levels and frequencies dialed-in to perfection for optimum results!
Wireless is One Time You Don't Want to be on the Same Wavelength
When you have more than one wireless transmitter operating, you need to coordinate the systems on complementary frequency bands. A properly coordinated system avoids any local active television signals and the channels are on complimentary frequencies to each other. Your operator's manual should give you a list of optimum frequency combinations for your wireless. The Carvin Audio UX1200MC Wireless Microphone System offers 6 groups of 23 channels to make getting compatible frequencies a lot easier, and a SCAN feature that helps find the next open frequency automatically. Factory grouped frequencies are more than a suggestion. These frequencies have gone through the math and testing to not have harmonics that interfere with each other. Using random frequencies in a multi-wireless system can be another way of radio jamming your own setup.
Always keep in mind that the local factors which affect RF performance can change at any time or place. What worked at soundcheck may not work at showtime (so it's good to have backup channels planned) and even a permanently installed system may be affected by outside radio signals. For this reason it is always a good idea to keep an instrument cable handy in order to bypass your wireless in a pinch.
Garbage In... Garbage Out
No matter how well your wireless works, it won't help if your audio signal is poor quality, noisy or has insufficient level. Adjust your input gain carefully to achieve maximum level before distortion. The input gain is adjusted just like the channel gain on an audio mixer: increase the gain until the 'peak' indicator lights only on the high points. If the peak LED is on constantly, lower the gain until it flickers. When the peak LED seldom or never lights, increase the input gain to achieve optimum signal level. If your wireless has an output level, turn it to maximum in order to get the best signal-to-noise level across your cable run. When running your wireless into an instrument amplifier, set it for the most level without overloading your input. The goal is to have the wireless system be as transparent as possible. Stumbling on the Angus Young tone by over driving a wireless unit only happens once in a life time. Usually the added over modulation, transmitter compression or receiver distortion is not adding what you want to your sound. On wireless mics and instrument belt packs don’t over drive the transmitter, dial in your clearest tone. Engaging onboard limiters that prevent over modulation may dull your sound. In-ear systems are similar at the base transmitter when over driven and this lowers the dynamics of your monitors. If you need more output, add it at the receiver end, after you have the maximum clear signal out of the transmitter.
All Batteries Are Not the Same!
Don't make the rookie mistake of trying to cut corners on wireless batteries. Off brands or old stock batteries from the dollar discount store may not provide enough voltage for best performance (and can die very quickly in use). Most wireless manufacturers specify lithium-ion or alkaline disposable batteries because they maintain their voltage throughout their lifetime better than other types. Low supply voltage can cause distortion or dropouts with even a high-quality wireless. Rechargeable batteries seem appealing in terms of cost savings but may supply as much as 20% lower voltages with similar results. If you do choose to implement rechargeable batteries, make sure you are very diligent to keep the batteries fully charged. You wouldn't go mountain climbing with a cheap rope. Don't leave your entire show 'hanging' on a cheap battery!
Plan Ahead so You Can Relax at Showtime
A properly set-up wireless mic system can enhance your performance by offering full freedom of movement onstage and the peace of mind to play your very best. Prior planning entails more effort but helps avoid having to troubleshoot or bypass your wireless systems at showtime. Take the time to get your wireless system optimized for every show and avoid taking it for granted. That way you improve your chances of one of those "mountain top" moments onstage instead of finding yourself at the end of your rope relying on an intermittent wireless.
